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The Experts on Anglo-German Law

CrossChannelLawyers.co.uk, its German language counterpart Cross-Channel-Lawyers.de, and InternationalProbateLaw.com are law blogs (blawgs) dealing with Anglo-German legal issues. A network of international lawyers who are experienced in cross border legal problems and who give practical and reliable advice. The law blogs are run by the lawyers of Graf & Partners, a firm of German lawyers (Rechtsanwälte) with many years of professional experience in cross border legal proceedings, who provide legal advice in a comprehensive, understandable and user-oriented manner. Our experienced team of German litigation lawyers provides forensic services all across Germany and runs the expert litigation law blog German Civil Procedure. Graf & Partners, with its international expertise, is well equipped to advise and represent clients from the USA, the United Kingdom and other English speaking countries. Visit us also on YouTube.

+49 (0) 941 – 463 70 70
mail@grafpartner.com
German ProbateGerman Succession & Inheritance LawProperty in Germany

How to Access German Assets without having to go through German Probate

There are Practical Alternatives to German Wills German law provides for a number of legal tools which enable a testator to transfer some or all of his assets outside of the German probate rules, i.e. the transfer will then happen automatically upon the testator’s death. This has many advantages: No need for a will, nor a German grant of probate, i.e. no waiting period and no probate costs. These tools are "conditional transfers in contemplation…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
January 9, 2017
Business in GermanyCivil actionLitigation in Germany

Chasing Debts in Germany

Some Practical Tips from German Litigation Experts GrafLegal If you are being owed money by a German debtor and this debtor refuses to pay even after having been served a dunning letter from a German lawyer, you will have to obtain a payment order which can then be enforced by a German bailiff (Gerichtsvollzieher) or by the German Court of Execution (Vollstreckungsgericht). Such a payment order is called "Vollstreckungstitel", or just "Titel". To obtain this…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
January 3, 2017
German ProbateGerman Succession & Inheritance Law

Want to Inherit the Debts of your German Relatives?

Of course not! But inheriting debt from a family member who lives abroad is a real risk under German law! The concept of inheriting debts from deceased relatives stuns people, especially lawyers, from common law jurisdictions like Britain or the USA. There the basic rule is: Personal debt dies with the borrower. The executor of the estate will attempt to sell whatever collateral there is and pay off the creditors to the extent possible. All…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
December 16, 2016
German ProbateGerman Tax Law

Deed of Variation and International Succession

Careful when using a Deed of Variation to mitigate UK Inheritance Tax! The Deed may backfire if there are foreign assets or beneficiaries who live outside the UK If someone dies intestate and leaves both a surviving spouse and a child (or children), then UK inheritance tax is due if the value of the estate exceeds GBP 900,000. In these cases, it is tempting to make use of a Deed of Variation in order to…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
November 9, 2016
German Law

Want to become a German?

How to obtain German Citizenship The general rule is that, in contrast to US law, German citizenship is not automatically established through birth on German territory (birthright citizenship), but by descent from a German legal mother and/or a German legal father. In addition, there are other options to acquire German citizenship, in particular naturalisation (Einbürgerung). You can find more detailed information on this website of the German Federal Office. Also, you may contact a German…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
November 9, 2016
German LawGerman ProbateGerman Succession & Inheritance LawGerman Tax Law

Everything about German Inheritance & Gift Tax at one Glance

German residents are subject to German inheritance tax. Always! Many of our blogposts deal with German probate and the tax implications of international inheritance cases (see list below). English solicitors and their clients are often stunned by the fact that German assets which are part of an English estate can trigger significant German inheritance and/or gift tax, in addition to UK IHT. Vice versa, if a beneficiary happens to be resident in Germany (even if…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
October 14, 2016
German Probate

German Probate can be slow if the Testator has disinherited close Relatives

Why do some German Grants take only 4-8 weeks to be issued, others 4-8 months? If a German testator has made a holographic will which disinherits those persons who would have been the heirs under German intestacy rules (more here), then the period the testamentary heirs must be patient is usually at least one or months longer than in other cases. This is due to the fact that German probate procedure rules in section 345…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
October 13, 2016
German Probate

German Wills and Grants of Probate are not on Central Public Record

German Wills are considered to be private and confidential Unlike in England, where Wills and Grants of Probate or Letters of Administration are available to everyone and are easily accessible online, German Grants of Probate and especially German Wills are being considered a private matter. These documents are not publicly accessible. Thus, in Germany, there is no probate search service. Instead, anyone who wishes to obtain information on a certain German inheritance case from the…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
October 13, 2016
Conveyancing GermanyGerman ProbateGerman Succession & Inheritance LawProperty in Germany

Received an Inheritance in Germany? Be ready for Taxes, Taxes, Taxes!

Check the German Capital Gains Tax situation before you sell your inherited property! Waiting a few years may avoid significant taxes. If you have received an inheritance which comprises German assets, in particular German property, this inheritance may or may not trigger inheritance taxes in Germany and / or the UK. We have explained these IHT issues in detail in the following posts: The Perils of German IHT and Gift Tax Basics of German Inheritance…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
October 7, 2016
German ProbateGerman Succession & Inheritance Law

What is a “Vermächtnis” in a German Will? And how to claim it.

In the UK (and many other Common Law Jurisdictions) the property of the deceased passes initially to a personal representative (executor or administrator) who administers the estate by collecting it in, paying creditors and taxes and then passing the balance to the beneficiaries. Under German law, however, there is no such administration of the estate by a personal respresentative. Instead, in Germany (as in France) the heirs inherit their share of the estate of the…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
September 22, 2016
German LawProfessional Regulations

German Lawyers do not Renew their Practising Certificates each Year

How to check whether a German Lawyer (or other Professional) is properly licensed and insured Hiring a foreign lawyer (more here) involves a certain amount of trust, especially if this lawyer is supposed to handle the client's funds abroad. Many potential clients from the UK and the USA therefore ask their potential German attorney-at-law (Rechtsanwalt) to provide a copy of their current practising certificate. This request will, however, baffle a German lawyer (or tax advisor,…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
September 21, 2016
Conveyancing GermanyGerman ProbateGerman Succession & Inheritance LawProperty in Germany

Is “Miteigentum” in a German Property the same as “Tenancy in Common”?

The different ways to co-own property (real estate) in Germany Well, the legal concepts of "Miteigentum" and "Tenancy in Common" are quite similar, if not identical. The German Miteigentum (co-ownership) is regulated by the German Civil Code in sections 1008 to 1011. Each "Miteigentümer" has a direct, separately transferable interest in the property. However, where property is concerned, the rights of co-owners in Germany are usually individually defined in the notarial deeds and the German…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
September 20, 2016
German ProbateGerman Succession & Inheritance LawGerman Tax Law

Efficient Transfer of Foreign Assets

Seminar for British Solicitors and UK Accountants who advise Clients with Assets Abroad. Main focus is on Germany, but speakers will also briefly touch upon Austria and Switzerland. If you advise clients who own property or other investments abroad, they are not always aware of the fact that this will trigger foreign inheritance taxes and that the executor(s) or beneficiaries will have to go through local probate procedure, which can takes many months and cost…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
September 15, 2016
Family LawGoing to court

Broken Engagement in Germany: Engagement Ring must be returned

May a bride keep the engagement ring under German family law rules? German law is very simple in regards to what happens to engagement gifts (especially engagement rings) if the the wedding is called off: They must be returned. Section 1301 German Civil Code (BGB) states: Section 1301: Return of the presents If the marriage does not take place, each engaged person may require the other to return what the former gave as a present or…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
September 12, 2016
German LawGerman ProbateGerman Succession & Inheritance Law

Formal Requirements to set up a valid Will in England, Scotland and Germany: What are the Differences?

One will per each country or one universal will? International families, expats or elderly people who have moved to another country after retirement often have the choice as to under which country’s legal regime they wish to set up their Last Will & Testament (see here for mutual acknowledgement of Foreign Wills). In this article we compare the formal requirements of German, English and Scottish law (the latter being surprisingly different from English law, in…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
August 12, 2016
Business in GermanyBusiness Tax & Fiscal Obligations

Company Finance and Accounting in Germany

Smaller businesses, under German tax and accounting laws, must deliver to the same professional standards as larger companies, but they are often not in a financial position to pay for an experienced in-house team of accountants, controllers and financial planners. Such companies need to find a German tax advisor and accountancy firm (Steuerberaterkanzlei). If your are a German subsidiary or branch office of a British and American enterprise we can recommend experienced German service providers…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
August 3, 2016
Business in GermanyGerman Corporate LawGerman Law

Buying a German Company

M&A Transactions Germany If you consider buying or merging with a German company or stock corporation (see checklist here), we can either structure and manage the entire acquisition process for you or merely assist with specific tasks like due diligence (e.g. financial, legal, business, IT) or contract negotiation. Our team of lawyers, financial and business experts has extensive experience with international M&A projects in various industry sectors. We will always keep matters as simple and…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
August 3, 2016
Business in GermanyBusiness Tax & Fiscal ObligationsFamily LawGerman Corporate LawGerman Labor LawGerman LawGerman Probate

English Desk at German Law Firm Graf Partners LLP

The Munich and Regensburg based German law firm Graf & Partners LLP, established in 2003, specialises in providing professional legal services to English speaking clients, both business and private. Our British-German specialist teams of lawyers and linguists advise on all legal and tax issues connected to Germany and European Union law, from business, corporate and labour to international probate, family law and property. The English Desk in our Munich office is headed by dual qualified…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
August 3, 2016
German ProbateGerman Succession & Inheritance Law

Is an English Last Will & Testament valid in Germany?

Even after Brexit? In most cases, the answer is simply: yes! Any Last Will which is set up in accordance with the formal requirements of English or Scottish law is, in principle, recognised as a valid Will by German Probate Courts. Within the European Union, this is nowadays exlicitly stated in Article 27 of the EU Succession Regulation, which, however, the UK has opted out of (even before Brexit): Article 27: Formal validity of dispositions…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
July 28, 2016
German LawGerman ProbateGerman Succession & Inheritance Law

The Infamous “Community of Heirs” in German Inheritance Law – And How to Avoid it

A German testator can have more than one beneficiaries, but should never appoint more than one "heirs" German Succession Law does not know the concept of a "Personal Representative". Instead, German inheritance law applies the principle of direct accession (more on this here). That is all very nice and efficient if there is only a sole heir. Or if, in case there are several heirs, they are reasonable and on good speaking terms. If, however,…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
July 27, 2016