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All Posts By

Bernhard Schmeilzl

Civil actionGerman LawGerman Tort LawGoing to courtLitigation in Germany

German Law of Torts: Are Accident Victims entitled to a New House?

Can a disabled injured person claim for the predicted cost of accommodation or only the actual costs after they have been incurred? Under German law, a person who is impaired by an accident is entitled to adequate housing. The extent and amount necessary for adequate housing depends on what an impaired person would reasonably require. This can be determined by an expert, who will be appointed by a German court. However, a difficult and strongly…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
May 31, 2016
Civil actionGoing to courtLitigation in Germany

A German Claimant can’t be his own Witness

Civil Procedure Laws and actual Litigation Practice in German Court Rooms is very different from English or US Civil Trials Under the English Civil Procedure Rules, it is common practice that a Claimant provides a witness statement to the court. To the eyes of German lawyers and Judges, this is a strange concept, because German law does not allow parties to provide witness statements as evidence before the Court. Under section 447 German Civil Procedure…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
May 31, 2016
German ProbateGerman Succession & Inheritance Law

Are Foreign Wills valid in the United Kingdom?

...and will Brexit change anything with regard to recognition of Non-British Wills? To be valid, a Will must bear the signature of two witnesses, right? Well, in principle yes. Section 9 of the Wills Act 1837 (as amended) provides that a Will shall not be valid unless: (a) it is in writing and signed by the testator, or by some other person in his presence and by his direction; (b) it appears that the testator…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
May 18, 2016
Business in GermanyGerman Law

Why are German Contracts so short?

To the eyes of an English or a US contract lawyer, agreements drafted under German law appear shockingly short. This is not due to German contract lawyers being more lazy than their Anglo-American colleagues. Instead, the reason is the concept of Codification. Virtually all legal principles of German private and commercial law are laid down in statute books, most importantly the German Civil Code (Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch, BGB), the Commercial Code (Handelsgesetzbuch, HGB), the Code on…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
May 12, 2016
German LawGerman ProbateGerman Succession & Inheritance Law

Most Germans die without a Will

German Intestacy Rules Explained The German rules about what happens when a person dies without having made a valid will (intestacy), are set out in section 1923 to 1936 German Civil Code (Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch, an English translation being available here. Intestate succession affects many families because roughly two out of three Germans die without having a valid Will in place. German intestacy rules are very different from those in Common Law countries. Children of the…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
May 9, 2016
German LawGerman Tort LawGoing to court

Standard of Proof in German Civil Litigation

Is the Standard of Proof any different under German Law than English Law? The standard of proof in German civil litigation is defined in section 286 German Civil Procedure Rules (Zivilprozessordnung): Section 286: Evaluation of evidence at the court’s discretion and conviction (1) The court is to decide, at its discretion and conviction, and taking account of the entire content of the hearings and the results obtained by evidence being taken, if any, whether an allegation…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
April 19, 2016
Civil actionGerman LawGerman Tort LawGoing to court

Does German Law of Torts know the Egg Shell Skull Rule?

Under English law of torts, a claimant is entitled to pursue a claim for injuries that have been sustained as a result of the negligence, even if their response to the damage they suffered was unusual or not predictable (e.g. due to brittle bone disease, haemophilia or a nervous disease of the injured person). This principle is known as the “egg shell skull” rule and means that the wrongdoer takes the claimant in the position they…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
April 19, 2016
German Succession & Inheritance LawGerman Tax Law

The Perils of German Inheritance Tax and Gift Tax

German Inheritance Tax applies when British Legators (and their Lawyers) least expect it UK and US lawyers are used to an inheritance tax regime where (only) the estate as such is being taxed. Within that system, it does not matter too much who the beneficiary is and where he or she is domiciled. The German Inheritance Tax concept, however, works entirely differently (basics explained here). Instead of taxing the estate itself, it taxes each individual…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
March 22, 2016
Business in GermanyGerman Labor LawGerman Law

Notices of Termination under German Law

How to fire an Employee in Germany Under German Law, the requirements, both in relation to the form as well as length of the notice period needed in order to terminate a contract for the performance of a continuing obligation (Dauerschuldvertrag), can vary significantly, depending on the type of contract that is in question. Employment contracts (Arbeitsverträge), Service Contracts (Dienstverträge) and Contracts for the production of a piece of work (Werkverträge) can be terminated without…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
March 21, 2016
Property Lease

Tenants beware of Waiver Clauses in German Property Lease Agreements

Renting a House or Flat in Germany? Do not sign a "Kündigungsverzicht" Clause The basic rule under German law is that tenants have the right to terminate an open-ended lease agreement by giving 3 months notice (see s. 573c German Civil Code in the chapter “property leases for an indefinite period” ). In contrast to the UK, such open-ended lease agreements are standard in Germany. However, a tenant can waive this right by signing it…
Bernhard Schmeilzl
February 26, 2016